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A modelling study of air quality impact of odd-even day traffic restriction scheme before, during and after the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games

机译：2008年北京奥运会之前，之中和之后奇偶日交通限制方案对空气质量影响的模型研究。

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Systematic air pollution control measures were designedand implemented to improve air quality for the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Thisstudy focuses on the evaluation of the air quality impacts of a short-termodd-even day traffic restriction scheme (TRS) implemented before, during andafter the Games, based on modelling simulation by a well validatedurban-scale air quality model. Concentration levels of CO, PM,NO and O were predicted for the pre- (10–19 July), during- (20 July–20 September) and post-TRS(21–30 September) periods, based on the on-line monitoredtraffic flows on a total of 334 road segments constituting the 2nd,3rd, 4th Ring Roads (RR) and the major Linkage Roads (LRs) thatwere subject to the TRS policy and distributed around the main urban area ofBeijing, and on the hourly sequential meteorological data from arepresentative Observatory. Subsequently, we used the predictions andobservations at a roadside air quality monitoring site to evaluate themodel, based on a widely used statistical framework for model evaluation, aswell as on the dependence of model performance on time-of-the-day and onwind direction, and the model predictions turned out satisfactory. Resultsshowed that daily average concentrations on the 2nd, 3rd, 4thRR and LRs during the TRS period decreased significantly, by about 35.8%,38.5%, 34.9% and 35.6% for CO, about 38.7%, 31.8%, 44.0%and 34.7% for PM, about 30.3%, 31.9%, 32.3% and 33.9%for NO, and about 36.7%, 33.0%, 33.4% and 34.7% forO, respectively, compared with the pre-TRS period. Besides, hourlyaverage concentrations were also reduced significantly, particularly for themorning and evening peaks for CO and PM, for the evening peak forNO, and for the afternoon peak for O. Consequently, both thedaily and hourly concentration level of CO, PM, NO and Oconformed to the CNAAQS (China National Ambient Air Quality Standards) GradeII during the Games. Besides, a notable ozone weekend effect was revealedfor the pre- and post-TRS periods, and was virtually removed for theduring-TRS period. In addition, notable reduction of concentration levelswere achieved in different regions of Beijing in response to the TRS policy,with the air quality in the downwind northern and western regions improvedmost significantly. The TRS policy was therefore effective in improvingshort-term air quality in Beijing during the Games.
机译：设计并实施了系统的空气污染控制措施，以改善2008年北京奥运会的空气质量。这项研究的重点是基于经过充分验证的城市规模空气质量模型的模拟，评估在奥运会之前，期间和之后实施的一个“双零天”交通限制计划（TRS）对空气质量的影响。根据在线预测，预测了（7月20日至19日），TRS期间（7月20日至9月20日）和TRS之后（9月21日至30日）期间CO，PM，NO和O的浓度水平监视受TRS政策限制并分布在北京主要市区周围的第二，第三，第四环路（RR）和主要连接道路（LR）的总共334个路段的交通流量，并按小时顺序气象来自代表性天文台的数据。随后，我们基于广泛使用的模型评估统计框架，以及模型性能对时间和风向的依赖，在路边空气质量监测站点的预测和观察结果对模型进行评估。模型预测结果令人满意。结果显示，TRS期间第二，第三，第四和第四和第三季度的日平均浓度显着下降，CO分别降低了约35.8％，38.5％，34.9％和35.6％，CO分别降低了38.7％，31.8％，44.0％和34.7％。与TRS之前的时期相比，PM的NO含量分别约为30.3％，31.9％，32.3％和33.9％，O含量分别约为36.7％，33.0％，33.4％和34.7％。此外，小时平均浓度也显着降低，特别是对于CO和PM的早晨和傍晚高峰，NO的傍晚高峰和O的下午高峰。因此，CO，PM，NO和O的每日和每小时浓度水平一致比赛期间达到CNAAQS（中国国家环境空气质量标准）II级。此外，在TRS之前和之后发现了一个显着的臭氧周末效应，并且在TRS期间几乎被消除了。此外，响应TRS政策，北京不同地区的浓度水平明显降低，顺风北部和西部地区的空气质量得到最大改善。因此，TRS政策有效地改善了北京奥运会期间的短期空气质量。

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    Cai, H.; Xie, S. D.;

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  • 年度 2010
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